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- ENVIRONMENT, Page 63The Rats Are ComingCan Boston's Pied Piper save the city from a rodent invasion?By Sam Allis
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- The nightmare seems like something out of the Middle Ages: an
- army of voracious rats emerges from Boston's sewer system,
- inspiring fear and loathing around the city. The rodents stream
- past Faneuil Hall, invading the festive food booths of Quincy
- Market. Soon the rats spread across Boston Common to the
- Massachusetts statehouse and move into the town houses in tony Back
- Bay. As panic rises, the assault becomes the biggest threat to the
- Boston area since Paul Revere warned that the British were coming.
-
- Sound farfetched? Perhaps. But normally unflappable Bostonians
- consider this apocalyptic vision a real possibility, and it has the
- city in an uproar. In two years construction is scheduled to begin
- on the $4.4 billion Central Artery project, the rebuilding of a
- highway that runs through the heart of downtown Boston. To relocate
- much of the highway underground, workers will have to excavate 13
- million sq. yds. of earth, tearing up countless sewers and other
- subterranean tunnels. The problem: they are home to untold
- thousands of the city's rats, one of the largest such colonies in
- the country. Rudely evicted, the critters will emerge on the
- surface and start looking around for new homes.
-
- That prospect deeply alarms Bostonians, who think the city
- already has a big enough rat problem. The rodents roam around
- Chinatown, and were recently spotted in city hall for the first
- time in memory. Says Mark Iapicca, who runs a parking lot beneath
- the elevated Central Artery: "There are already more rats than
- people around here, and they're bigger than my dog. They're
- underground now, but what happens when they go aboveground?"
-
- The Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), which pervades Boston and
- most American urban areas, is a formidable creature. It has gnawing
- teeth and jaw muscles that bite with the force of 12 tons per inch
- -- on a par with a shark. It will eat almost anything, and has been
- known to attack human babies. Some of the Boston rats have lived
- their entire lives underground, and no one knows how they will
- behave when exposed to the cultural opportunities of aboveground
- Boston.
-
- But Bostonians need not despair. As the city and the state
- argue over just how the rat peril should be met, the state has
- hired William B. Jackson, the ultimate rat terminator, to deal with
- the problem. A former biology professor, Jackson, 62, now runs his
- own consulting business in Osseo, Mich., and is one of the nation's
- foremost experts on rodent control. Working for the United Nations,
- he has battled rats around the world, from Indonesia to Brazil.
- Billed by the Boston media as the "rat czar" and the "Pied Piper,"
- Jackson is devising a strategy to save Boston by killing off the
- rats in the 7.5-mile-long Central Artery-construction area even
- before the work begins.
-
- His main tactic will be to hang poison paraffin blocks from
- manhole covers in the sewer system. He concedes, though, that he
- cannot reach other rat tunnels. "The dilemma is that it's not just
- the sewers," he says, "but a subterranean labyrinth of unknown
- dimensions." Besides baiting sewers, he will help owners of
- buildings near the construction create barriers against underground
- invasions and set traps for rats that venture aboveground. Vows
- Jackson: "We'll provide them hotel rooms they will never leave."
-
- Jackson's ammunition will be an array of sophisticated rat
- poisons. His weapon of choice in the sewers will be advanced
- anticoagulants that can trigger fatal internal bleeding. Other
- exotic poisons will be used aboveground. For example, one known
- under the brand name Vengeance, is an antimetabolide that blocks
- the conversion of food into energy and starves the rat to death.
-
- Many Bostonians are skeptical that mere mortals can defeat the
- rats. They may be right. Jackson found that the rodents flourished
- during ten years of atomic testing on Eniwetok atoll in the
- Marshall Islands. Even if Jackson succeeds in killing off his foes,
- Boston will still have a serious problem. "Who takes the dead
- rats?" asks John Sullivan, chief engineer for the Boston water and
- sewer commission, who maintains that his department will not do
- that job. "One dead rat a day is one thing, but a whole pile of
- dead rats every day is another."